E8. Efficiency, Effectiveness, and Economy

The work on SPC Concept (both SPC Utility and SPC Drivers) went through many influences over twelve years of development. Enormous challenges still to be faced. We are coping with the impacts of climate change. We are recovering from the pandemic and local wars. In this turbulent environment, we can find a piece of security. It is the need for investments in public infrastructure and their infrastructural governance.

This critical role will be needed at any time and worldwide. To do this, people in low-income provinces will require good governance of their territories, especially infrastructure (having solid institutions and frameworks for planning, allocating, and implementing quality public infrastructure). The success depends on Integrating the SPC Drivers and the SPC Utility operation ability. Both have to manage infrastructural governance, the scale for grading, and the evaluation of performed results. That all depends on success in solutions of the project's parameters 3E (Efficiency, Effectiveness, and Economy). How to reach success offer the application of the New Project Paradigm (see Chapter C).

The Open Webbook looks at how to solve these current problems from the bottom up, starting with the issues of low-income provinces. IMF studies show that, on average, countries waste about 1/3 of their infrastructure spending due to inefficiency. The loss can exceed a staggering 50 percent in low-income countries. The good news is that inefficiencies and wasteful infrastructure spending are not inevitable. Estimates show (e.g., WELL SPENT) that better infrastructure management could replace more than half of these losses. https://www.sipotra.it/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/WELL-SPENT-How-Strong-Infrastructure-Governance-Can-End-Waste-in-Public-Investment.pdf

Internet and many papers and books on its agenda offer opportunities to understand and assess how the Open Webbook can help. It can contribute to dealing with corruption, delays, cost overruns in development, and other things. It is about understanding the role of grading, monitoring, internal financial control, and auditing in the common interest of expenditure in the GT environment. On an implementation (practical) level, the SPC Concept offers a model of Open Multifunctional Units (OMU) as an initiation on how to start.